Airline Ticket Reservation Sample Website

1) Introduction:
Airline Ticket Reservation is a sample web application which could be use to search flights based on the specified airports (departure airport, arrival airport) and dates (departure date and return date).
2) References: 
- For basic DB preparations please refer to notes titled "Installation and Testing of Hypersonic DB"
- For basic Java EE setup for Airline Ticket Reservation Project refer to notes titled "Build and Deployment of Java EE Web Application (Airline Ticket Reservation)"
3) Database Preparations:
Create 2 tables as shown below:
i) Table to store Sector information as described below

CREATE TABLE SECTOR (
DEPARTURE_AP VARCHAR(100),
ARRIVAL_AP VARCHAR(100),
DEPARTURE_DT DATE,
ARRIVAL_DT DATE,
DEPARTURE_TM DECIMAL(4,2),
ARRIVAL_TM DECIMAL(4,2) ,
SID INTEGER,
PID INTEGER,
PRIMARY KEY (SID)
)

Insert 4 sample records: 

INSERT INTO SECTOR (DEPARTURE_AP, ARRIVAL_AP, DEPARTURE_DT,ARRIVAL_DT, DEPARTURE_TM, ARRIVAL_TM, SID, PID ) values ('NRT','LAX',DATE '2012-05-15',DATE '2012-05-15',10.05,19.01,1, 1)

INSERT INTO SECTOR (DEPARTURE_AP, ARRIVAL_AP, DEPARTURE_DT,ARRIVAL_DT, DEPARTURE_TM, ARRIVAL_TM, SID, PID ) values ('NRT','LAX',DATE '2012-05-15',DATE '2012-05-16',23.00,06.15,2, 2) 

INSERT INTO SECTOR (DEPARTURE_AP, ARRIVAL_AP, DEPARTURE_DT,ARRIVAL_DT, DEPARTURE_TM, ARRIVAL_TM, SID, PID ) values ('LAX','NRT',DATE '2012-05-25',DATE '2012-05-25',12.05,21.00,3, 1)

INSERT INTO SECTOR (DEPARTURE_AP, ARRIVAL_AP, DEPARTURE_DT,ARRIVAL_DT, DEPARTURE_TM, ARRIVAL_TM, SID, PID ) values ('LAX','NRT',DATE '2012-05-27',DATE '2012-05-27',11.05,20.00,4, 2)

ii) Table to store Price information as described below

CREATE TABLE PRICE (
PID INTEGER,
BASIC DECIMAL(10,2),
SURCHARGE DECIMAL(10,2),
TAX DECIMAL(10,2),
DISCOUNT DECIMAL(10,2),
CURR VARCHAR(3),
PRIMARY KEY (PID)
)
Insert 2 sample records: 

INSERT INTO PRICE (PID,BASIC,SURCHARGE,TAX,DISCOUNT,CURR) VALUES (1,1200,110,50,75,'USD')

INSERT INTO PRICE (PID,BASIC,SURCHARGE,TAX,DISCOUNT,CURR) VALUES (2,1800,200,145,105,'USD')

4) Java Source Preparations:
- Add hsqldb.jar to [/WEB-INF/lib] of "AirlineTicketReservation" Project in Eclipse

Installation and Testing of Hypersonic DB from Java

1. Download:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/hsqldb/files/hsqldb/hsqldb_2_2/hsqldb-2.2.8.zip/download
2. Install:
Unzip the hsqldb-2.2.8.zip to proper location, for example
/usr/local/hsqldb
3. Configure:
i) Open Configuration GUI using below command,
/usr/local/hsqldb/lib/java -jar hsqldb.jar
ii) Provide location for file based database, for example 
/Users/santoshlg/testdb

iii) To use hsqldb from the Eclipse project, add hsqldb.jar in the Eclipse Project Library reference,

4.Testing:

i) Connect to db GUI Console using above configuration to get below Database Manager GUI

ii) Create sample table CUSTOMER by using GUI Editor 

(Editor appears after successful connection as per above step i) 

CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER (

            LAST_NAME VARCHAR(60),

            FIRST_NAME VARCHAR(60),

            ACCOUNT_ID VARCHAR(10)

)

iii) Insert 2 test records

INSERT INTO CUSTOMER

            (LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME,ACCOUNT_ID)

            VALUES

            ('HONDA','YUKI','A-1001');

INSERT INTO CUSTOMER

            (LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME,ACCOUNT_ID)

            VALUES

            ('SUZUKI','ICHIRO','A-1002');

iv) Use below Java test to confirm the working 

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

public class TestHSQLDB {

public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {

 

Connection conn = null;

PreparedStatement prepStmt = null;

ResultSet rs = null;

 

 try {

  Class.forName("org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCDriver");

  conn = 

  DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hsqldb:file:/Users/santoshlg/testdb", "SA", "");

            String selectStatement =

                "select * from Customer where ACCOUNT_ID = ?";

            prepStmt = conn.prepareStatement(selectStatement);

            prepStmt.setString(1, "A-1001");

            rs = prepStmt.executeQuery();

            while (rs.next()) {

                String title = rs.getString("LAST_NAME");

                System.out.println(title);

            }

  } catch (Exception e) {

      System.err.println("ERROR: failed to load HSQLDB JDBC driver.");

      e.printStackTrace();

  } finally {

            rs.close();

            prepStmt.close();

  conn.close();

  }

}

}

5. Output:
HONDA

Build and Deployment of Java EE Web Application (Airline Ticket Reservation)

Background: 
To develop Java EE web application using standard Eclipse Java IDE has many limitations, to overcome those limitations the Eclipse project has already created "Java EE Developers". Below are the steps to demonstrate, Building and Deployment of Web Application on JBoss Application server using "Java EE Developer".

Steps:
1) Download and Install "Eclipse IDE for Java EE Developers"
http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/?osType=win32

2) Create new project by selecting "Dynamic Web Project"
    [File][New][Project...][Web]

3) Set Project name : AirlineTicketReservation
   (Keep other values to default)

4) Add reference to the external Servlet library so that we can use Servlet API in our application

[jboss-5.0.1.GA/common/lib/servlet-api.jar]

5) Add below files to newly created web project (For source please check below)

/AirlineTicketReservation/WebContent/WEB-INF/web.xml

/AirlineTicketReservation/WebContent/searchView.html

/AirlineTicketReservation/src/controller/SearchController.java

/AirlineTicketReservation/WebContent/image/airline.png

6) Build the project

7) Export as a WAR (Web Archive) file :  AirlineTicketReservation.war

8) Deploy the WAR file to application server (Such as JBoss)

9) Access web application using URL with the web application context AirlineTicketReservation

10) Confirm log information

11) Source reference:

i) /AirlineTicketReservation/WebContent/WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"

  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee

   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"

  version="2.4">

  <welcome-file-list>

     <welcome-file>searchView.html</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

  

  <servlet>

    <servlet-name>searchController</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>controller.SearchController</servlet-class>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

    <servlet-name>searchController</servlet-name>

    <url-pattern>/searchController.do</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

    

</web-app>

ii) /AirlineTicketReservation/WebContent/searchView.html

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">

<title>Search Flight</title>

</head>

<body>

<form action="searchController.do" method="post">

<table border = "1" align="center">

  <tr>

<td align ="center" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#000080">

<font size="4" color="#FFFFFF"><b>Airline Ticket Reservation</b></font>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

          <img src="image/airline.png" alt="Airline" width=100% height=100%>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

<b>Airport</b> <br/>

From <input type="text" name="fromAirport" value="NRT">

To <input type="text" name="toAirport" value="LAX">

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">

<b>Date</b>[yyyy-mm-dd]<br/>

Depart <input type="text" name="fromYear" size="4">-<input type="text" name="fromMonth" size="2">-<input type="text" name="fromDay" size="2">

Return*   <input type="text" name="toYear" size="4"  >-<input type="text" name="toMonth"  size="2" >-<input type="text" name="toDay" size="2">

<br/>

<font size="2" color="#808080">*For one-way flight keep "Return" date blank</font>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td align="right">

<input type="submit" value="Search">

</td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

iii) /AirlineTicketReservation/src/controller/SearchController.java

package controller;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class SearchController extends HttpServlet {

@Override

        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)throws ServletException, IOException {

System.out.println("Calling doPost...");

String fromAirport = req.getParameter("fromAirport");

String toAirport = req.getParameter("toAirport");

System.out.println("From airport =" + fromAirport);

System.out.println("To   airport =" + toAirport);

}

}

iv) /AirlineTicketReservation/WebContent/image/airline.png

How to configure Eclipse IDE Code Completion key binding on Mac OSX

Follow below steps to assign [Ctrl + Space] combination for code completion in Eclipse for Java IDE.

Steps:
i) Open Eclipse Preferences
ii) Under [General][Keys] check for [Command] column
iii) Change [Content Assist] Binding to [^Space]
(Make sure the Binding is not already in use by any other Software including another Eclipse IDE)
iv) Apply changes

JavaEE Pragmatic Introduction

1) Background:
Below steps demonstrate about creation of workable web application based on Java EE architecture. This application will be deployed on "Application Server" [JBoss].


2) Application Server: JBoss 
http://sourceforge.net/projects/jboss/files/JBoss/JBoss-5.0.1.GA/jboss-5.0.1.GA-jdk6.zip/download

- Getting Started:
i) Unzip jboss-5.0.1.GA-jdk6.zip to appropriate location (/user/local/ or c:/)
ii) check for run.bat (windows) or run.sh (unix/linux like systems) and execute it
[use -b option to run it with IP address or hostname, so that it can be accessed using IP or Hostname instead of localhost always]
./run.sh -b 0.0.0.0
iii) check for the runtime logs to see if the server started without any errors


3) UML Tools:
http://astah.net/download
http://argouml.tigris.org/


4) Basic Application Structure:
i) Create new Java project in eclipse [JavaEE_Sample]
        

ii) Add new [Source Folder] named : web

                 

iii) Add new [Folder] named : WEB-INF under web source folder [web/WEB-INF]
iv) Add new file web.xml under WEB-INF folder [web/WEB-INF/web.xml]
This is a application descriptor for web application which maintains operational relationship of web application.
[web.xml]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"

  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee

   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"

  version="2.4">

  <welcome-file-list>

     <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

    

</web-app>

v) Add new index.html file under web folder [web/index.html]

[index.html]
<html>

<body>

This is a sample web application. 

</body>

</html>

5) Deployment:
i) Save the project as war (web archive) file : myjavaee.war
(The war file is a zip file named as war so that Application Server can understand it as a web application)
ii) Copy the war file to the deploy folder of JBoss, which will deploy the web application
/JBossInstallation/server/default/deploy/myjavaee.war

iii) Start JBoss using run command 
/JBossInstallation/bin/run.sh (run.bat for windows)
iv) Confirm deployment by checking log file

6) Test confirmation:
i) Access the deployed web application using below context
http://localhost:8080/myjavaee
(8080 is default port where JBoss runs)
ii) Check output to see below message

=========================================================

Exception Handling (try...catch...finally) with User Defined Exception

- Exception is an Object in Java
- Throwable is Superclass of all exceptions
- Exceptions could be Checked or Un-Checked type
- Checked exceptions needs to fix at compile time, such as IOException, InterruptedException
(Compiler checks for everything except run-time exceptions which are called un-checked)
- Un-checked exceptions occurs at run-time, such as NullPointerException
(These exceptions needs to identified at development and UAT (User Acceptance Test) phase )
- Use try...catch...finally block to deal with exceptions of both types (checked and un-checked)
- There could be multiple "catch"blocks for one try block
- Multiple "catch" blocks are arranged in the order of specific to generic
For example, upper catch block should contain code specific error, such as IOException might be followed by generic exception such as Exception. (The Exception class us use to handle generic exception because it is Super-class of Checked and Un-checked exceptions, os it covers those error types)
- Error is beyond the application scope and mainly related to system, so it is advice not to catch error and let it handle by the system to fix the root cause, such as OutOfMemoryError. Error might lead to application might crash.  
- Error is an irrecoverable condition occurs at runtime.

try {

} catch (IOException ) {

} catch (Exception) {

}

- In case of java application main() function can not use with "throws", we have to handle all checked exceptions at main() level unlike other methods which could keep throwing exceptions to the caller using "throws"

-Exception Hierarchy: 

=======================================================
Example: To demonstrate different patterns of Exception usage

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

/**

 * Class defining user defined exception for authentication

 */

public class AuthenticationException extends Exception {  

     static Map errorMap = new HashMap();

     //static map of error code and description, 

     //can be created after reading properties file

     static {

          //Map of Error code to Error Description

          //Transfer below mapping to Properties file for Internationalization

          //of error message based on the User Locale

          errorMap.put("E7", "Authentication Failure");

          errorMap.put("E8", "User is locked after 3 wrong login attempts.");

     }    

     /**

      * Constructor to display specific message based on error code

      * @param errorCode to print related error description

      */

     public AuthenticationException(String errorCode) {

          System.out.println(errorCode + ":" + errorMap.get(errorCode));

     }    

     /**

      * Default constructor to display default message 

      * when no error code is specified

      */

     public AuthenticationException() {

          System.out.println("Default Error message");

     }

}
-------------------------------------------------

/**

 * Class to test exception handling

 *

 */

public class TestExceptions {

     public static void main(String[] args) {

          //1. calling method which throws InterruptedException 

          //which needs to be handled by caller using try ..catch

          try {

               foo1();

          } catch (InterruptedException e) {

               e.printStackTrace();

          }

          //2. no need to catch any exception, as foo2() is not 

          //throwing any exception unlike foo1()

          foo2();

          //3. calling method which throws User defined 

          //exception AuthenticationException

          try {

               foo3(false);

          } catch (AuthenticationException e) {

               e.printStackTrace();

          }

     }

     /**

      * Method to demonstrate throws in exception handling

      * @throws InterruptedException

      */

     public static void foo1() throws InterruptedException {

          Thread.sleep(1);

     }

     /**

      * Method to demonstrate, how to handle error at 

      * method level instead throwing them to caller

      */

     public static void foo2() {

          try {

               Thread.sleep(1);

          } catch (InterruptedException e) {

               e.printStackTrace();

          }

     }

     /**

      * Method to demonstrate how to use User defined exceptions

      * @param success

      * @throws AuthenticationException

      */

     public static void foo3(boolean success) throws AuthenticationException {

          if (!success) {

               throw new AuthenticationException("E7");

          }

     }

}